Ms hall

I have read your summary regarding your current challenge with changing marketing trends and the upcoming renewal of your 5 year contract with a large quick service restaurant. You have had a long and profitable relationship with this international fast food company and this relationship has been an Important part of your firm's growth. While you do face some obstacles, there are solutions to overcome these. First hand and most Importantly lets point out and discuss the problems you face.First the market trend issue: The marketing trend challenge you currently face is a decline in the sale of kid meals. With technology advancing kids no longer value the toys you market. In addition, child obesity and health problems are receiving greater attention in the media and the threat of advertising regulations is increasing, these regulations are already in place in Europe. Your manufacturing costs in China have gone up 40% due to an increase in raw material costs and export tariffs. And to t op it off the overall time to market these toys is lengthy.Last and most important your team has been ineffective in addressing these market trends, and working collectively to resolve these Issues. Renewing this contract and maintaining relationship Is important to your firm. Are you assuming the USSR wants to renew the contract and do they want toys? Is your firm prepared to take on this large account at this time? These are 3 recommendations to help you. Restructure of your organization this should be done prior to renewing the contract, ask the USSR for extension of contract renewal.Re evaluate and define your mission and goals. Establishing an innovation team or a R and D department. Teams and managers should have regular meetings with an agenda to implement your business strategy, improve communication and use critical thinking as a method to problem solving. Ineffective teams and quality assurance and Improvement should be monitored regularly to address future problems. A fac ilitator may be helpful to gulled the team's decision making process during meetings.You may have employee resistance and cost and there will be cost and time to train and recruit managers, but this must be done to endure success in your firm. Establish a technology based company relationship to market new products/incentives and incorporate into your marketing. Examples Tunes, Apple APS, Play station, Mineshaft, Game Stop, are a few technology ideas you can work with to offer new products or incentives in your marketing. The incentives should be correlated with some type of healthy choice the USSR offers. An example of this would be vegetables or fruit as part of the happy meal.Incorporating the product into a healthy choice will also improve the public and media perception of your organization and demonstrates your flexibility for new innovative ideas that adjust to market trends moving towards health and wellness. Move manufacturing to domestic location- you can respond to the ma rket quicker, avoid Import and export tariffs, and Increase positive media volleyball by supplying more Jobs In the U. S. You an contract or set up your own manufacturing plant to supply your other accounts that use toys and incorporate your new products into production.With and provide Jobs to low income workers and or migrant workers. You can publicize these new opportunities for Jobs and community growth to improve media visibility. One drawback to this would be time. You will have to establish resources and connections to build or contract a manufacturing plant. In conclusion I think you will find these solutions effective with some drawbacks but in the long run will help your organization thrive and adjust to the demanding changes of the future.

Passion and Betrayal in “Roman Fever” Essay

â€Å"Roman Fever† is a very dynamic story, were things aren’t necessarily what they appear. The characters have two faces: the ones they show each other and the ones evident to the reader through the narration. The setting, the title, and the dialogue all develop the plot. Hypocrisy and deceit are present throughout the whole story, and they greatly drive the plot. Wharton uses irony, an omniscient narrator, and symbolism to convey the theme of passion and how it can poison the mind, leading to destructive actions. The way the author chose to narrate the story is vital to how it is perceived. The story is in a third person omniscient point of view, which greatly develops the characterization of Grace and Alida. Various times throughout the story, one of the women says something to the other and afterward that narrator will reveal to the reader what she is really thinking. This helps show the reader the hypocrisy and deception in their words. One example of this is when the women are talking about roman fever and its dangers. In the midst of this, the narrator tells us that Alida thinks she â€Å"must make one more effort not to hate her† (Wharton 115). This exposes to the reader directly for the first time that there are some underlying issues and unfinished business between these characters that they are avoiding. Another factor that contributes to the progress of the plot are the numerous symbols that Wharton chose to employ. One of the most noticeable of these is the setting. Rome is a city that almost always evokes images of passion and romance. Within this setting, the climate and time changes directly parallel the gradual changes in the women’s relationship. This is especially evident when Alida first reveals that she wrote the letter that Grace had though she received from Delphin many years ago. After this information is brought to light, the two women stand â€Å"for a minute staring at each other in the last golden light† (117). The last few moments of sun are representative of the  last moments of politeness between these two women. After â€Å"the clear heaven overhead was emptied of all it’s gold† (118), all of the women’s passionate secrets start spilling out. Grace divulges that she answered to the letter, and that Delphin came to meet her tha t night. This revelation completely changes Alida’s idea of her relationship with her late husband. The ruins that are described, the forum and the Colosseum, also mirror what happened between these two women. These structures, once representatives of Rome’s magnificence, are now reduced to a â€Å"great accumulated wreckage of passion and splendor† (114). The same goes for the friendship between these women. Love and passion came between them, causing great betrayal on both sides. This has diminished their friendship until it is really no longer there, replaced by lies and treachery. Right before Grace reveals her greatest secret, that Barbara was really Delphin’s daughter, she is â€Å"looking away from [Slade] toward the dusky secret mass of the Coliseums† (119). The â€Å"secret mass† of ruins is a direct description of their friendship, which was destroyed because of jealousy and lies. Another important symbol in the sort story is the title. â€Å"Roman Fever† has a double meaning; it was an outburst of malaria that plagued Rome in the past, but it also represents the feverish passion present in the women’s story. It is a symbol for Alida’s jealousy of Grace, and how it has simmered inside her for all of these years. Both of the women are victims of roman fever in the sense that they both fell into dangerous games of love, passion, and betrayal. This betrayal is also alluded to in the story about Aunt Harriet. The story goes that Aunt Harriet â€Å"sent her little sister to the Forum after sunset to gather a night blooming flower†¦but she really sent her because they were in love with the same man† (115). The sister died. It is possible that Alida was inspired by this story to write the fateful letter to Grace. An element that greatly contributes to the overall tone of the story is irony. Many lines throughout the narrative all culminate to the final line of the story: â€Å"I had Barbara†(119). Here, Grace is revealing that her daughter Barbara is also daughter of Alida’s husband Delphin. This line alone exposes the irony in many other parts of the story. This is apparent when Alida is thinking about Barbara Ansley. â€Å"Babs†¦ had more edge. Funny where she got it, with those two nullities as parents† (112). Irony is also present when Alida tells Grace that she was â€Å"wondering how two such exemplary characters as you  [Grace] and Horace had managed to produce anything quite so dynamic?† (114). These lines are very ironic because the reader later learns that Horace Ansley had nothing to do with the birth of Barbara. Through the use of irony, symbols, and an all-knowing narrator, Edith Wharton presents passion, betrayal, and deceit between two women. It is repeatedly conveyed in the story that things are not always what they appear on the surface, it takes a second look to realize the underlying sentiments that are occurring. This is present both in the infinite symbols in the story as well as the passion that drove Grace and Alida’s friendship to ruin. Even though they had known each other for a long time, â€Å"these two ladies visualized each other, each through the wrong end of her little tel escope†(113). Because of the destruction that their betrayals had caused when they were young women, these two people who had been â€Å"intimate since childhood† (112) discover that they truly know nothing about the other at all.

Foundations of Human Development in the Social Environment Essay

Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper in which you examine the foundations of human development in the social environment. Address the following in your paper: Describe the interactions between the bio-psycho-social dimensions of development. Explain the concept of human diversity and cultural competence. Explain the connection between general systems theory and social order. The bio-psycho-social dimensions of human behavior are made up of biological, psychological and, social factors that explain human behavior. The biological dimension refers to the role of biological systems—meaning our bodies. The psychological dimension refers to the role of thoughts, emotion, and behavior on others. The social dimension refers to how individuals relate to various groups and institutions in society–and how groups and institutions relate to individuals, or classes of individuals. Social workers can understand a person’s behavior through subjective development. Viewing problems through a bio-psycho-social lens allows a social worker to help clients solve problems and learn coping skills through an understanding of behaviors and how biological, psychological and social aspects of ones life plays a role in behavior. When a Social worker has a better understanding of a client and the relationships in which the client is incorporated in, the social worker can set up a plan of action and the healing process can begin (Dale, Smith, Norlin,, Chess, ,2009).. The strengths perspective is a tool that helps aids in the understanding of people from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds; diversity. Different segments of society interpret things such as hand motion, eye contact and, other non-verbal communications in different ways. When a social worker can become proficient in cross cultural interaction, they will be much better  able to help clients that are from different cultures and ethnic backgrounds. This proficiency requires intense observation, superior listening skills, and a true desire to learn about different cultures, beliefs and traditions. The concept of human diversity can be described as a person or organization clearly understanding different cultures, languages, and beliefs of people and families from all around the world. Cultural competence can be described as skills, behaviors, attitudes, and policies implemented that assist social workers and organizations to efficiently deal with cross-cultural (socialworker.org, 2014). â€Å"Culture refers to integrated patterns of human behavior that include the language, thoughts, communications, actions, customs, beliefs, values, and institutions of racial, ethnic, religious, or social groups. ‘Competence’ implies having the capacity to function effectively as an individual and an organization within the context of the cultural beliefs, behaviors, and needs presented by consumers and their communities. (Minorityhealth.hhs.gov ,Adapted from Cross, 1989).† According to NAACP.org, cultural competence also focuses on population specific issues such as health related beliefs, cultural values, disease prevalence, and treatment efficiency. A culturally proficient social worker can make the difference in the success and failure of their clients. In the human service field when a social worker has an understanding of human diversity and cultural competence he or she can better understand clients from diverse backgrounds such as those with disabilities, the elderly, and the gay and lesbian community (NAACP.org, 2014). General systems theory is comparable to business and industry in the manner in which it is structured. In the business world, inputs are managed by organizational systems to produce outputs. In the field of social work, social workers use resources (inputs) to develop processes and procedures to produce services (outputs). Systems theory can help social work professionals comprehend how systems establish and the order of that social system. When explaining the connection between general systems theory and social order one must describe the two individually. General systems theory can be defined as components, which are in transaction and bounded. The components complement a system that functions within an environment. A component can be anything and exchanges are any relationship that exists between the components. A person is able to be aware of the boundaries  because it is what he or she can see, hear, feel, or sense. Social order is described as the demeanor in which a culture is organized and the standards that are required to manage the organization. Looking at what general systems theory and social order are separately one can see that both deal with groups and environments when working in human services both can work hand in hand when trying to find help and create goals for clients. The general systems theory is used in all aspects of social work, such as children and families, policymaking, and advocacy. Social order refers to a relatively stable system; institution, pattern of interactions, customs, and facts regarding society. To have a systems theory there must be social order. Without social order, one cannot determine the causes and factors within an environment that are causing a problem. Without social order we cannot provide proper treatment. Social order gives us a set of norms within a system. Without social order one cannot use systems theory (Mosby, 2009). In social services, bio-psycho-social dimensions, human diversity, cultural competence, general systems theory, and social order all work together to create a better environment for their clients, and enable social work professionals to better serve their clients. References Dale, O., Smith, R., Norlin, J., & Chess, W. (2009). Human behavior and the social environment: Social systems theory. (6th ed.). Boston: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon Zastrow, C., & Ashman, K. (1990). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (2nd ed.). Chicago: Nelson-Hall. Naacp.org, 2014

The US Government Framework Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The US Government Framework - Assignment Example President Obama’s entry into the presidency came at a time when the economy was taking a turn for the worst and the spoils for the Iraq War was being reaped.   Thus, the American public gave its support for the time being in the hopes that everything will turn out better. Being a great orator, Obama was able to capture the attention and the hearts of the people.   However, most things are easily said than done. And if even they can be achieved it usually takes time to do it, which most people affected by the failing economy cannot appreciate.Officials in public office, especially the President experiences a decline in popularity mainly because of his decisions, which the majority of the public does not agree with.   And most of his decisions regarding the economy and an unpopular war may either increase or decrease his level of popularity.   If during his term in office, the economy becomes good he will generally have a high level of approval; and if he engages in a wa r that makes the country look like the defender of democracy then normally his ratings will surge upward (King).   It is unfortunate that President Obama’s administration had to deal with a failing economy almost at the start o his term in office and like wise quite unfortunate that the popularity polls have been conducted at a time when the surveyed group was not in favor of the President’s actions and decision. Hence a decline in popularity rating was eminent but not entirely new in the world of politics, since past presidents also went through the same dilemma during their time (King).The veto power of the Texas governor gives him or her authority to reverse budget appropriation items, resolutions and bills passed by the legislation in session.   The President likewise has the veto power to invalidate resolutions and bills forwarded by the legislative body of the national government.   Additionally, the vetoes of the President and the Texas Governor have limit s since they are normally given ten days from receipt of a bill to sign or veto it.  

Organizational changes in Management Accounting Essay

Organizational changes in Management Accounting - Essay Example Kaplan (1984) remarks; "Despite considerable change in the nature of organizations and the dimensions of competition during the past 60 years, there has been little innovation in the design and implementation of cost accounting and management control systems." In spite of important changes taking place in the quality and operations of organisations, the techniques adopted by companies and those mentioned in text books of management accounting date back to 1925. Thus Kaplan and many other scholars, encourage researchers to develop the subject of managerial accounting by conducting research and case studies. They state that "to describe and document the innovative practices that seem to work for successful companies" more and more research work and case studies have to be taken up. Following Kaplan and others call for research work and case studies a plethora of novel procedures in management accounting found its way into the field. A few of such new techniques were Just-in-Time (JIT), activity-based costing (ABC), and total quality management (TQM) which were accepted. According to Wendy L. Currie (1999) the objective he states is to incorporate into a single framework a number of factors that tempt the function of management accounting techniques in organisations using cases or degrees of organisational alterations categorised by N. Venkataraman. N. N. Venkataraman (1994) remarks that "The underlying goal for the framework is designed to reveal the distinctiveness of each technique in the organisational change context. Specifically, is there a systematic approach to applying change techniques and anticipating issues we may encounter in the change process" This paper examines the thesis statement which is; "Is this the hour to critically evaluate and reconcile the need for new management accounting techniques in the 21st Century with the compelling case for understanding and applying aspects of management accounting that have been taught traditionally" (Anthony, R, 1965) Formulating the theoretical account Thomas Walther, et al, (1997), remarks that the new environment which is produced by the authority of computing and the dislodgment of conventional accounting tasks, companies are counting on their financial specialists to "act as business partners with operations managers" by furnishing information to back up decision making. Christopher D. et al (1997 a, and 1997 b) states thus; "Accountants are increasingly involved in strategic management through the development and implementation of new accounting models integrating financial and non financial information". If the essence of the techniques intersects, accountants must clarify these intersecting areas to demonstrate how they may enforce to patronise different strategic intentions. Factors which call for changes in Management Accounting Internal organisational elements like organisational structure and culture, determine change and the execution of management accounting methods. But still sometimes these factors are not considered while implementing management accounting techniques. According to Jerold L. Zimmerman, (2001): "Total quality management, reengineering, activity-based costing, the theory of constraints, value chain management, just-in-time, and the balanced scorecard all assume that agents will enthusiastically adopt the new approach because it promises to maximize firm value." J. H. Waterhouse and Peter Tiessen (1978)

Marketing Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing Analysis - Essay Example Today Systems Insurance fulfills its commitment made to customers by providing auto, home, life and business insurance rooted in the founding values ofhonesty, affordability, and service on the basis that our customers come first. We offer products that will protect you without any hidden surprises. Together with a large network of independent insurance agents Systems Insurance serves more than 5 million insurance Customers in 16 states as well asCosta Rica, and the District of Columbia. With our agents, we continue to carry out the company’s founding purpose: Our Customers know we will work to go the distance to help them with their insurance needs and to recover after any monetary loss. That may be the reason behind System Insurance retaining over 92 percent of Customers, year after year. The following is meant as a guideline to help while implementing a new business innovation, to help the organization evolve and grow through the efficiency and productivity of both Agents and customers. As with most, if not all insurance companies, Systems Insurance wishes to remain profitable while implementing innovative, products, and technology. Increase revenue without increasing the rate of our policies. At Systems Insurance, our company revolves around our dedicated Agents. Our daily goal is to maintain and improve the effectiveness of policies in order to help Agents bring in new customers. Agents depend on the effectiveness of the technology we provide, by providing the best technology we help to ensure we continue to offer the highest levels of customer service Systems Insurance will continue to grow to compete with the largest of Insurance companies. The growth of Systems Insurance Agents has led to a large push in the number of Policy Holders we hold today, as well as the overall organizational footprint. Systems Insurance runs a strict risk management plan,

Cosmetic Composition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Cosmetic Composition - Essay Example A brief introduction of some of the frequently used chemicals is given below and their effects on the skin are also discussed. Tretinoin also commonly known as Retin-A is a chemical derived form vitamins and is usually used for the treatment of acne. Later it was discovered that it can also be used for the elimination of small wrinkles. After this discovery, cosmetic companies ritually started including vitamin A in their cosmetics claiming it to be highly beneficial, others disagreed and stated that Retin A actually irritates and puffs up the skin which gives it a smooth wrinkle free look. Secondly fruit acids generally popular as Alpha Hyroxy Acids (AHA) claimed to gently remove the dead skin cells revealing softer and smoother inner layer. Later on studies revealed that AHA’s should not be used very frequently since they can serve to be drugs rather than cosmetic and it was also prohibited since it is very frequently used by non trained beauticians which can bring about ver y serious damages to the skin. The very popularly used exfoliants can also be very damaging and hazardous to the skin since they serve to remove the dead and mature skin cells revealing and exposing the premature skin cells to dust and ultraviolet rays. In the absence of the adult skin cells, the premature ones have a tendency to age and dry out rapidly. (Leslie, 100) Use of Masks and Serums and its Impact on the Beauty Industry The basic concerns of individuals, as far as skin is concerned is aging spots and areas affected by the ultraviolet rays. Skin specialists have been focusing their concentration on these problems so that they can be easily tackled and taken care of. The extract of Magnolia Sieboldii is used to address the problem of photoaging and also for the prevention of wrinkles. Its extract has the ability to protect the skin cells from the sun rays and ensures minimum skin damage by suppressing the damage of the skin cells and DNA. It also contains within itself the pr operty of reducing the wrinkles that appear on the skin with time, it does so by providing growth to the synthesis of collagen simultaneously retarding the growth of collagenases. Hence it is widely used in sunblocks, and also in anti ageing masks and serums. Other natural active ingredients used in cosmetics are alcohol, aloe vera, amino acids, avocado oil, beeswax, cucumber extract etc. Their useful affects on skin cells and body are as discussed. Alcohol is used in a lot of cosmetics for the purpose of skin firming and disinfecting it. Aloe vera is considered to be very effective in treating damaged and dry skin, providing it moisture and a soothing effect. It regenerates the dead and mature skin cells. Beeswax is simply the wax produced by the bees and is known to be effective for the protection and moisture locking in the cells. Avocado is a multipurpose fruit which is used for eating as well as in the cosmetic industry. Its extracts are immediately absorbed by the skin making it supple without a fatty appearance to it. It maintains and revitalizes the working of the lipid barrier making lamellar coverings which give the skin a unitone complexion along with flexibility. (Valerie, 219) Benefits of Cosmetic Composition Cosmetics may have hazardous effects on the skin but if used wisely and in the right proportion can make the skin

Microbiology Bioremediation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Microbiology Bioremediation - Essay Example [1] There are a number of cost/efficiency advantages to bioremediation, which can be employed in areas that are inaccessible without excavation. [1] Like hydrocarbon spills or oil spills (specifically, petrol spills) or certain chlorinated solvents may contaminate groundwater, and introducing the appropriate electron acceptor or electron donor amendment, as appropriate, may significantly reduce contaminant concentrations after a lag time allowing for acclimation. [1] An oil spill is the unintentional release of a liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment as a result of human activity. [2] After a spill, hydrocarbons are subjected to physicochemical processes such as evaporation or photochemical oxidation which produce changes in oil composition. But the most important process acting on the spilled oil is biodegradation. [3] There are several ways to clean-up an oil spill in the given scenario and in situ treatment. Microbial Biodegradation through Methanogenesis, using the glycolysis pathway is one way. Bioremediation and Biotransformation methods endeavor to harness the astonishing, naturally occurring, microbial catabolic diversity to degrade, transform or accumulate a huge range of compounds including hydrocarbons such as oil. [1] Bacteria are minute unicellular microorganism, the smallest one having all the necessary protoplasmic equipment for growth and self-multiplication at the expense of available food stuff (Smith,1980) such as hydrocarbon fuel. Every bacterium is covered with a cell membrane known as the plasma membrane which separates it from the cytoplasm of the bacterial cell. Composed of phospholipids and proteins, the plasma membrane is the site of important enzyme systems, including the respiratory enzyme systems or cytochrome enzymes (Smith,1980). In regulating the passage of food materials, like oil, and metabolic by-products between the interior of the cell (where metabolic activities are carried on) and the

Management Classes Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Classes - Assignment Example This essay discusses that psychology teaches the importance of understanding the behaviors of others in order to interact well with them. This is important in team work as is mentioned in the interviews. Working in a team requires learning the personalities of others as well as try to integrate all these personalities into the team and ultimately attain success within the specified time.As the paper highlights one of the interviewees was very adamant about team work. She insisted that she worked only with a team if it was absolutely necessary which was not very often. This was quite the opposite of the perspective and life story of the other interviewee who admitted to liking working with a team and did it all the time. What was surprising about the statement was the fact that most people indicated that team work is very effective and reduces the burden of the workload for each individual. The fact that different people will bring in different perspectives as well as solutions to a p roblem makes team work really good in any business. Working independently according to the interviewee leads to the work being completed way ahead of schedule, taking less time and less stress in dealing with different people. Team work should only be taken as strategic points in a plan and not be engaged in at all times and especially by the administrators who hold the highest caliber in the office and who can also intimidate the rest of the team members.

Discuss the following problems in relation to the Scots law of Coursework

Discuss the following problems in relation to the Scots law of contract. You must refer to primary sources such as judicial precedent and legislation in your answer - Coursework Example The plaintiff being a chief inspector of police force alleged that the defendant had violated this section by offering the knife for sale. It was held that the display of knife in the defendant’s shop was not an offer but an invitation to treat. Hence, no liability arose. Advertisements are generally regarded as invitation to treat and are not considered as valid offers. However, advertisements can also amount to a general offer which can be accepted by anyone. It depends on the words used in the advertisement whether it is to be treated as an offer or an invitation to treat. In Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company2, the defendants made a product called â€Å"smoke ball† which was claimed to be a cure for influenza. The defendants published an advertisement in various newspapers in which they claimed to pay  £100 to anyone who used their product according to the instructions but still contracted influenza. The plaintiff saw this advertisement and bought one of the balls. She used it three times daily for almost two months but contracted the flu. She claimed  £100 from the defendants. The defendants rejected her claim arguing that there was no legally binding contracted between them and the plaintiff. The courts held that the advertisement was not a unilateral offer to the whole world but it was open for acceptance for anyone who fulfilled the condition of using the product according to the instructions. The satisfaction of conditions constituted acceptance of this offer. Further, the purchase and use of the smoke ball constituted good consideration. Therefore, the defendants were held liable to pay  £100 to the plaintiff since there was a legally binding contract. Christina’s advertisement was a unilateral offer to anyone who fulfilled the condition of spending  £50 or more in Elegante. Anyone who fulfilled this condition accepted this offer and was entitled to the voucher. David

Running Fence by Christo and Jeanne-Claude Essay

Running Fence by Christo and Jeanne-Claude - Essay Example The biggest continuous part of the Running Fence that remains intact is hanging below Rio Theater’s ceiling in Monte Rio. The Running Fence is perceived to be among the most significant projects as far as public arts are concerned, and at the time when it was installed, it was one of the most ambitious projects that were embarked on by Christo and Jeanne-Claude after they arrived in the US in 1964. When the art piece was made public at America’s bicentennial, it caught the imagination of the public as the exceptional beauty of the light as well as the weather that played across the fence’s fabric sharply contrasted with the issue of limitations and division that underlie the aspects that are usually conveyed by fences. In the case of Christo and Jeanne-Claude, the fence was an embodiment of bigger issues in regards to human freedom as well as a constraint. The manner in which the Running Fence was planned, designed and installed along with the critical response t o the piece was a tone-setter for the rest of their bigger projects as none of them could have been conceivable without the Running Fence. Between 1972, when the idea of the Running Fence was initially conceived and 1976 the artists experienced apparent overwhelming difficulties and apart from negotiations of land rights with numerous ranchers, they had to deal with administrative obstacles at a time when they were not famous. The two artists had the ability to convince ordinary people of the transformative aspects associated with art.

Genre Text Essay Example for Free

Genre Text Essay When you think of the term ‘genre’, what does it exactly mean to you? Well I’m sure it’s without a doubt that you all commonly believe it constitutes either a kind or category of text, but in actual fact does it really? Good morning Year 11. The prime focus of your studies during the HSC course next year, I’m going to discuss how the genre of crime fiction has extended through time, whereby a variety of notions and characteristics exhibited throughout a text may either reinforce, challenge or extend on genre parameters. So what is genre then? Although genre is quite difficult to define, there are numerous interpretations of the term since the confines between genres are constantly evolving due to changing values. As Daniel Chandler states, â€Å"defining genres may not initially seem particularly problematic but it should already be apparent that it’s a theoretical minefield. † However, Jane Feuer believes â€Å"genre is ultimately an abstract conception. † These critics therefore prove that yes, while it may be easy to classify a text to a particular genre, we must understand genre as a concept that can apply to varying applications rather than its fundamental relevance to a text. In saying this, as changing contexts and values have developed over time, resulting in new-found conventions, I’ve come to agree with Stephen Neale’s understanding; â€Å"Genres are instances of repetition and difference difference is absolutely essential to the economy of genre. † (Neale, 1980). This my friends, effectively reflects constant changing cultural values and attitudes in our social milieu, don’t you think? Hence, my aim today is to focus on the conventions of the genre of crime fiction and how they have been recreated in a number of ways to reflect the social and cultural aspects that are dynamic to their survival within the popularity of a text. As Neale further suggests, â€Å"genres exist to assist in shaping values. † Subsequently, I will discuss how and why Alfred Hitchcock’s film Rear window and Tom Stoppard’s play The Real Inspector Hound have re-worked and extended upon crime conventions prevalent in crime writing through genre, often defying audience expectations in one way or another. As a result, Rear Window highlights and expands upon the cosy conventions of its contemporary society by paralleling the post-war issues of voyeurism and women and subverting them, reflected through its social milieu. The Real Inspector Hound also utilises cosy conventions but parodies them instead, challenging the classical Golden Age’s ‘whodunit’ storyline in a satiric way, so as to query the restoration of justice and the idea of reality vs. allusion. Thus, whilst both texts seek to extend and challenge crime conventions, they also serve to explore society’s human conditions and issues at the time in order to become seminal texts of the genre. Directed in 1954, Hitchcock’s Rear Window reinforces the fact that very few works exemplify all required characteristics of a particular genre, by cleverly breaking the ideal conventions of a suspenseful circumstance in a crime fiction text. The film is rather based around the notion of both solving the crime and proving that it happened. Rear Window further revolves around the concepts of the changing roles of women and queries the morality of voyeurism. Such notions reflect the contextual concerns of the post-war era where a revolutionary social change was clearly prevalent in society, thus endangering the traditional gender restrictions marked by WW2. Through the mis-en-scene of Jeff holding his camera looking outside the window as blinds are swiftly raised to reveal vignettes of apartments, it’s evident that a didactic message outlining the unethicalness of voyeurism is contained within Rear Window. As voyeurism further exposes hidden worlds within the film, Hitchcock manages to reflect upon American society through each of these blocks acting as a microcosm. But it stops there. Quite similarly to our other text The Real Inspector Hound, Hitchcock withdraws from typical crime conventions by not showing the occurrence of the crime itself. This was due to growing conflict between the conservative American government and growing acceptance to sexuality by society at the time, as a result of censorship on films. The concept of voyeurism is cleverly employed by Hitchcock via subverting a cosy setting, a convention to reflect the concept of McCarthyism where there was a fracturing of society due to the paranoia of communism, which was most prominent during the Golden Age. This is illustrated as the camera pans across Jeff’s apartment, focusing on his photography tools and emphasising his infatuation for observing life. Thus, Jeff’s dilemma of being entrapped in his apartment persuades him to do â€Å"something drastic† to remove him â€Å"out of the swamp of boredom,† which metaphorically foreshadows his forthcoming hobby of spying on his neighbours. I’m certain you all must think he’s strange, but the aspect of social insecurity and fear at the time was what Hitchcock was seeking to embody. Where spying begins as an innocent obsession, it soon becomes a neurotic effort to prove Thorwald’s criminal actions. Therefore, after the growing tension depicted through continual panning shots, Jeff takes action which exposes clues in Thorwald’s apartment. However, the consequences of voyeurism are made apparent through the non diagetic sound and quick motion of Jeff falling out the window. Hitchcock hence questions the moral ambiguity of voyeurism due to society’s fear of maintaining social order, by focusing on the depraved aspect of society becoming â€Å"a race of peeping toms. † Despite changing perceptions of females in the workforce, how exactly did Lisa become an amateur detective and femme fatale, whilst presenting the evolving independance and roles of women? In actual fact, Hitchcock broke a key crime convention – there must only be one detective! A high angle shot first characterises Jeff as bound to his wheel chair, and the cast around his injured leg is symbolic of the identity boundary he endures. Consequently, Jeff is left helpless, a frequent motif that’s prevalent throughout the film in which Jeff is metaphorically incapable of embracing his male dominance, hoping to â€Å"emerge from his plaster cocoon. † Thus when Lisa emerges, the dark lighting and shadows surrounding her signifies Jeff’s intimidation, as men were startled by the role of women in the post-war period. By having Jeff restricted at home in a feminised position, Hitchcock underpins Lisa as the amateur sleuth, sustained through her constant dominance over Jeff within the framing. Hitchcock further challenges the authority of women in crime fiction as femme-fatales, whereby negative connotations strengthen the presence of conceited masculinity. Yet Lisa’s strong persona and sheer determination leads to her fatal participation in â€Å"the next assignment,† exhibited in the panning tracking shot of her investigating Thorwald’s apartment, underlining Lisa’s unusual role as a detective and the film’s conclusion of restoration. Subsequently, Hitchcock illustrates the development of crime conventions by challenging traditional crime conventions, via representing the shift in the growing independence and role of women in society, by maintaining both genders as main detectives. Thus, Rear Window not only reinforces and extends upon crime genre parameters, but also reflects society’s changing values, hence explaining why it’s considered a critical crime fiction text even today. Unlike Hitchcock who reinvented some crime writing rules, Stoppard completely goes against them. Whilst Stoppard experiments with the classical Golden Age crime conventions, the crime genre is seen to continuously mirror society’s changing attitude and values. In successfully challenging the audience to interpret whether the perceived distinction between what is real and an allusion in crime is essential, Stoppard also leads them to question the restoration of justice. The perceived distinction between reality and allusion is no longer relevant in today’s post-modern world as it was in the Golden Age, due to changing societal expectations, like Stoppard suggests. He breaks traditional conventions, as the margins of a play-within-a-play have been intersected, demonstrating the blurring of reality. Whilst Rear Window uses a cosy setting to depict society’s issues, Stoppard instead parodies it to demonstrate that a crime isn’t always within its confines, and hence defies crime conventions to outline the irrationality of society. The cosy method of contrivance supports this, being parodied through Mrs. Drudge’s absurd dialogue about the â€Å"somewhat isolated Muldoon Manor, which is surrounded by deadly swamps and fog. † Thus Stoppard criticises S. S Van Dine’s code where â€Å"the detective himself† â€Å"should never turn out to be the culprit,† by forwarding the murderous role onto Puckeridge, whom the audience come to learn as Inspector Hound and Magnus also. This is depicted in the final scene through an exaggerated climax of a string of revelations. For eg. â€Å"I am not the real Magnus Muldoon! It was a mere subterfuge. † Stoppard effectively emphasises the melodramatic and absurd situation of the play, by demonstrating multiple pauses and an overuse of explanation points in union with stage directions. Through a variety of dramatic devices, the distinction between reality and allusion is dissolved, as Stoppard denounces the lack of innovation and irrelevancy of crime fiction conventions. Society is further challenged by Stoppard to query the relevancy of the nature of truth and justice within the traditional crime fiction genre. So must there always be a hero within the context of the text? The authorities within the play are not central figures, just like the police aren’t in Rear Window, as justice isn’t achieved. But whilst the police in Rear Window are idiotic, Inspector Hound doesn’t even convey detective traits. Alternatively, Inspector Hound is continuously ridiculed through stage directions. For eg. He is wearing â€Å"inflatable swamp boots and carrying a foghorn,† in his entrance. Therefore, The Real Inspector Hound has eloquently challenged the conventions of crime fiction, leading the play to become a significant crime fiction text as it crucially contributes to the revolution of crime over time. In summation, it’s without a doubt that Hitchcock’s Rear Window skilfully challenges the conventions of crime fiction in such a way that classifies the film as unlike your traditional crime film, as he endeavoured to reflect the cultural values of the post-war era. Moreover, Stoppard also extended upon genre parameters in The Real Inspector Hound by satirising the classic conventions of characters and plot from the Golden Age, whereby he duplicated postmodernist beliefs at a point where it was seen as time for change. Thus, both texts have grown to become seminal crime fiction texts, by cleverly reinventing already established crime conventions in numerous ways.

Internal and External Analysis of Volvo

Internal and External Analysis of Volvo The macro and micro environmental factors 1) Outline and discuss the macro and micro environmental factors that are influencing Volvos strategy? The micro environment is which explains the internal environment of the company and which tells the position of the company in all the terms of the business and hence this gives an idea of the current position of the company. Micro environment: The Volvo name is 90 years old and has become a Swedish international icon. In the year 1999, Volvo a Sweden based company is sold to Ford motor company, but Volvo maintained independency but benefited from the shared research and development and also the buying power. Volvo employs 27,500 employees. Volvo has its company in 120 countries. And has wide network and distribution of its product ranges to different parts in the world. Volvo sells its products through 2400 dealers worldwide. Volvos main mission is safety, and also invests huge money in Research and development in Safety. Safety in driving has a major role to play in automotive, as majority of the customers priority is safety. Volvo sold 14 million cars in its life time, the figure shows success of the Volvo cars and also how Volvo has retained its position in the market in long run. Volvo is the strongest brand of FORD motors. Volvo is the major contribution to the success of Ford Motors. Volvo has asset oriented advertis ing. The main asset of Volvo is Safety, and hence its advertising campaign is also based on its core competence or asset safety. Volvo being a subsidiary of FORD enjoys a shared Research and development programs. This is very beneficial and cost effective for Volvo, as being a part of the giant automotive group, Volvo can share the cost involved in Research and Development program. Hence this can be one of the key advantages for Volvo to be cost effective. Volvo is also popular for its innovations in the car industry which developed and produced different ranges of cars and hence Volvo has made large profits to FORD motors. The core positioning strategy of Volvo is the Safety and longevity. In order to compete with the luxury brands of Toyota and Lexus, Volvo produced the premier cars which are symbol of luxury. Volvo brand was primary key aspects are Big estate cars, and Safety. Hence Volvo is the symbol of safety and innovations which helped the FORD financially. Macro environment: The macro environment gives the clear picture of the changes in the external environment and how these changes in the external environment have an effect on the performance of the company. The macro environmental factors include Political, Economic, social, technological, environmental, legal factors, which are lose but external to the society. Political factors: There has been an increased regulation on the car industry and also automotive industry is facing a huge taxation on trade. Economic factors There is rise in the fuel prices, and this economic factor has hit the automotive industry fiercely and leads to reduce the performance of the company. Due to this rise in the prices of the oil, most of the customers have started choosing fuel-efficient cars, which has reduced the demand for luxury cars in the market. Social factors: The major problems Volvo is facing is shift in the consumers preferences from a luxury, large engine cars with huge carbon emission to a fuel-efficient, and small cars, due to many reasons like rise in the prices of oil, and also governments are providing tax incentive to those who buy fuel-efficient and eco-friendly cars and other incentives include free parking and road tolls. This shift in the consumers preferences which is a Social factor has downturn the performance of the company. There is also Volvo much emphasis on family sector but in Europe there is decline in the number of families. Hence Volvo market segmentation is wrong and may not be useful for sales growth. Technological factors: Toyota has occupied a major share in the market, with the adaptation and implementation of new and advanced technology into its product strategy, and hence has met the needs of their changing environment with fuel-efficient cars with low carbon emissions into the atmosphere. This technological change of the external environment of including many advanced features into the product was not adapted by Volvo. Volvo has advanced only in safety but did not understand the need for the other features of the product which have become the center of attraction in the market, and those advanced features are fuel efficient, eco-friendly, etc. Environmental factors: Due to the emission of large carbon from the big size cars increased the pollution and hence have caused many problems like polluting air, etc. Legal factors: New laws on the protection of the environment have started rallying and this has hit the whole automotive industries. Due to these environmental protection acts and Clean air Act, which was passed by the legislation, brought about a changes in the preferences and shift the needs and hence as discussed above choosing for eco-friendly cars. Volvo asset was and is also is only Safety, but the external challenges are seeking for more reliable, eco-friendly, fuel-efficient cars as the government is putting heavy taxes on the large cars, who emit large carbon into the atmosphere, and more over the governments are proving more tax incentives for those who choose fuel efficient cars, like free road tolls and parking etc. Volvo has introduced flexi-fuel cars but they did not show a good sign on the profits of the company. 2) Conduct a SWOT analysis on Volvo cars. Strengths: Safety of both the environment and driving is the main strength of the Volvo cars, and hence the Governments policies on safety in driving will not have much influence on the performance of Volvo. Volvo has a reputation for big estate cars and last for long periods of time. Goteberg safety center which is a world renowned, and hence after the acquisition, Volvo has introduced ten new models for its customers, and hence earned more profits for FORD. Volvo has 2400 dealers worldwide and has its presence in 120 countries of the world. Huge investments in safety research and development programs. Volvo is a wholly owned subsidiary of ford motor company which is a world famous company and this helps the Volvo can draw synergies of technical innovations and improvements for its parent company. And also the buying power. 90 years of brand heritage, where Volvo has gained much expertise in manufacturing a car which is very safe in driving and this is the core-competence which has played a vital role which has brought glorious years to Volvos brand. Weakness: No change management programs in its product strategy. There has been no innovations and improvements in the product, improvements like fuel-efficient, best performance, etc, which is quite important for Volvo to meet the intense competition. There is a decline in the sales of the Volvos bi-fuel cars. Cannot meet the customer requirement of fuel-efficient cars. Even though the prospective customers of Volvo are shifting their interests from the big engine cars to fuel-efficient cars, Volvo still stress only on the safety in their mission statement, where its core positioning strategy to face the present changed perceptions of the consumers and external environments demands should be fuel-efficient and reliable cars. Moreover the mission statement aims at providing safest and more exciting car experience for modern families, the brand concentrating on the family sector. But in Europe there is decline in the number of families and many couple is opting to be childless, hence this mission of Volvo would badly hit its performance in future. Most of the market for Volvo is in US and Sweden and consequently it is open to irregular economic and political circumstances of those markets. Volvos most of the production is from the Belgium and hence, the cars produced in Sweden is very expensive for the US consumers. This is due to the less facilities of production of Volvo cars in US. Volvos flexi-fuel cars only in certain geographic markets. Opportunities: There is a hope for further growth for the business due to new business in china and India, with a forecast of sales in china of 10,000 a year. The penetration into new markets has an opportunity for improvement in the performance of the company. Threats: Has the Volvo only concentrates on the Safety in its product design, and ignoring on the other aspects like eco-friendly and fuel efficient cars (Toyota Lexus), performance, styling, reliability, handling and value for money, which are all vitally important. Low restriction on imports and trade will increase the competition from the Japanese companies in the Asia pacific regions. Volvos safety may not have any importance as safety is integrated by almost all the car manufacturers. Hence safety which is the main asset for Volvo has no role to play for the improved performance of the company. 3) Outline the strategic options available to Volvo cars, recommending what you believe to be the best option available, give reasons for your answer? The main problem Volvo cars is facing is the external pressures and changing perceptions and requirements of its customers. Volvo who strategy of Safety was very popular during 1990s but with the changing needs of its customers and external environmental factors, the strategy of Volvo did not change hence Volvo has faced such a downturn in its sales during the period of 2004 to 2006. The external challenges are demanding for a more reliable, fuel-efficient and eco-friendly cars, which Toyota have understood the need of its customers and hence have concentrated heavily on fuel-efficient and eco-friendly cars, and therefore have become the world largest and most successful car manufacturer. Moreover, most of the car manufactures have integrated safety into their product design and hence safety, key element or the core positioning strategy can no more help Volvo to retain its position in this fierce competition. To outline the strategies for the Volvo cars Ansoff product/ market grid (Ansoff, 1957). This model would help the business identify the strategy that gives business the way to grow their business. The four strategies proposed by the Ansoff let us find which would help the Volvo cars to improve their business. This model helps to identify what have to be marketed and at what time and risk involved in marketing these products. The alternatives available to the Volvo cars are: Price strategy, as the cars of Volvo is unaffordable for the common man and hence has to introduce such a model of car for the middle class people. This is the market penetration strategy where with the same product and same market the company has to reduce the cost and hence in turn can reduce the price of its products compared to its competitors. Market development strategy, where the same product is sold in different markets. Product development strategy, where a new product is developed and is sold in the current and existing markets, extensions in the product features which make it different from its competitors and this can also be called as product differentiation. Diversification strategy is one where the new product is sold in new markets, but this is more risky then the market penetration. Let us find which will be best strategy for Volvo cars from the available alternatives from the Ansoff matrix. Market penetration strategy, this strategy of selling its same products in the same market, for lower price by reducing the costs may not be useful for Volvo cars, this is because challenges Volvo is facing is the price rises of complimentary goods and environmental protections laws, which have changed the preferences of its customers from large engine luxury cars to the fuel-efficient cars because of government taxation policies, etc. hence , reducing the price of the cars will not be the best solution to face the challenge. Market development strategy, If Volvo adopts this strategy may not succeed as most of the current markets of Volvo is the developed countries and hence the consumers are in position of afford to buy a premium car. But, if Volvo looks for a market in developing and under developed countries, there is much risk factors involved for the growth of the industry. Diversified strategy will not have a positive effect on the growth of the business as this is risky, and Volvo which is facing a huge performance crisis should not be risk taker but should be risk averter. Product development strategy, this might be the best strategy for Volvo, as in this strategy there is product development according to the changing trends and requirements and hence this would help the Volvo for growth, if it produces cars not only safety and reliability its cars, but integrating safety, fuel-efficient, styling, performance and this leads to differentiation among the players in the industry. If the company integrates all the requirements of the demands of its customers, would automatically increase sales and will enjoy a rapid growth for the business. Volvo being the wholly owned subsidiary of Ford motors enjoys shared research and development. Therefore an investment for further product development is easy and hence it can meet the requirements of the customers. There are Volvos flexi-fuel cars which distributes only to certain geographical areas, and hence Volvo should even have to perform certain product development programs and innovations in these flexi-fuel car s and there should make improvements in distribution networks for these cars so that they are available to all the 120 countries, where Volvo has its network. The reasons for choosing the product development strategy as the best alternative for Volvo cars is, because product development is the only alternative which meets the target customers (especially Volvos target segment of last 15 years) needs and this is the only possible solution to withstand with the challenges Volvo is facing, and Volvo should also consider the some of the aspects like the competitors of Volvo has already met the needs of the customers who are seeking fuel-efficient cars, and hence Volvo have to integrate all the aspects like safety, performance, reliability, fuel-efficient, with low carbon emissions and comfort to compete with their competitors, as Volvo is already reputed for safety and reliability, Volvo has to some other elects in list of product design to provide a best alternative for its customers. Volvos introduction of Flexi-fuel cars to reduce the sales shrink as the customers are moving to fuel-efficient cars shows a positive sign in its performance in the future. Future Product development programs also helps Volvo to achieve its programs like Volvo 2020, where it is trying to differentiate itself on two factors safety of both the environment and driving. Volvo should conduct a budgetary process on the available resources as product development process requires an excess investments into many aspects like research and developments and raw materials and advertising campaigns. REFERENCES: www.volvocars.com WWW.MINTEL.COM Kiley, D (2004), Driven: Inside BMW, the Most Admired Car Company in the World,N.J. John Wiley Sons, Inc. (US). West, P (2000) Organizational Learning in the Automotive Sector, Routledge. Wilson, R. M. S.; Gilligan, C (2005) Strategic Marketing Management: Planning, Implementation and Control 3Rd Ed., London Elsevier. Wilson, A (2002) TheMarketingAuditHandbook: Tools, Techniques Checklists to Exploit Your MarketingResources,CT Koran. Pickett, K. H. Spencer.; Pickett, Jennifer M.(2003)The Internal Auditing Handbook,NJ John Wiley Sons, Ltd. (UK).

Macbeth Summary: Selfish Ambitions

Macbeth Summary: Selfish Ambitions The play begins with the brief appearance by three witches and then moves to a military camp where the Scottish King Duncan hears news about his generals, Macbeth and Banquo. The witches prophesy that Macbeth will be made thane of Cawdor and eventually King of Scotland. They also prophesy that Macbeths companion Banquo will beget a line of Scottish kings, although Banquo will never be king himself. While Duncan is asleep, Macbeth stabs him. When Duncans death is discovered the next morning, Macbeth kills the chamberlains and easily assumes the kingship. Macbeth hires a group of murderers to kill Banquo and his son Fleance. They ambush Banquo, but they fail to kill Fleance, who escapes. At a feast that night a ghost visits Macbeth. Macbeth goes to see the witches they show him a sequence of demons and spirits who present him with further prophecies: Macbeth is relieved by the prophecies given to him. Prince Malcolm, Duncans son, has succeeded in raising an army in England, and Macduff joins him as he rides to Scotland to challenge Macbeths forces. Before Macbeths opponents arrive, Macbeth receives news that Lady Macbeth has killed herself. When Macbeth learns that the English army is advancing on Dunsinane shielded with boughs cut from Birnam Wood, fulfilling half of the witches prophecy Macbeth is afraid. On the battlefield, Macbeth encounters the vengeful Macduff, who declares that he was not of woman born but was instead untimely ripped from his mothers womb. Though he realizes that he is doomed, Macbeth continues to fight until Macduff kills and beheads him, Malcolm is now the King of Scotland. Shakespeare utilizes imagery, symbol and hyperbole to expose the consequence of wanton ambition. Macbeth is a play in which the characters provide the reader with gory descriptions of carnage as the result of some sort of ambition. The description of the battle is rich in imagery as it depicts the savageness of war which smoked with bloody execution, Like Valours minion carved out his passage Till he faced the slave Which neer shook hands, nor bade farewell to him, Till he unseamd him from the nave to the chaps, And fixd his head upon our battlements (1.2.18-23). This depicts the behavior a brave solider such as Macbeth must execute in order to prove his bravery in the field and his willingness to serve his king in hopes of advancing in rank. The only reason a solider fights is for glory and honor both of which are critical in advancing forward in life. Macbeth only fights because he wants to be prompted to a higher rank, which his relentless determination in battle achieves as he is crowned Thane of Cawdor. The blood that stains Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are symbols of guilt for committing a murder merely for attaining more power Heres the smell of the blood still: all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand (5.1.4345) This line by Lady Macbeth is rich in imagery, Shakespeare allows the reader to experience the horror that accompanies murdering someone. The bloods stench is so strong that not even Arabian scents, which are a luxury, can mask the foul smell of another mans blood. On a deeper level the blood which is equivalent to the murder has stained her not only her physical body but her soul and no matter what she tries to do she will always be tainted by that act. Macbeth is a perfect example of this when he has murdered king Duncan and feels that he can do nothing to wipe his hands clean of the blood; Will all great Neptunes ocean wash this blood / Clean from my hand? No, this my hand will rather The multitudinous seas in incarnadine, Making the green one red.'(2.2.5859) Neptune is an allusion to the Roman god of the sea whose waters could not wipe the blood symbolic of the murder, meaning guilt, from Macbeths hands. Shakespeare uses hyperbole to captivate the readers attention that murder is in reconcilable when done for selfish reasons. Purpose: As a well know Satirist, Shakespeare goes to great extent to expound the consequences of harboring unbridled ambition. During this time Britain was divided into three parts, England, Scotland and. As a result of this fractured state Shakespeare witnessed much political turmoil at the hands of ambitious men. Shakespeare shares his disdain towards these temperaments through the story of Macbeth. The results of unchecked ambition are numerous, the betrayal that must take place for you to complete your goal, the guilt that overwhelms you and those close to you when you succumb to that ambition and do anything to fulfill it and the vengeance it erects in those who have been affected by unbridled ambition. In an attempt to get rationalize the murder of King Duncan; Macbeth concludes that he has no real reason to kill the king, other than his own ambition to become king. The results of this action demonstrates the dangers of unchecked ambition I have no spur To prick the sides of my intent, but only Vaulting ambition, which oerleaps itself And falls on the other. (1.7). The quote is ironic because Macbeth recognizes the dangers of acting on such ambitions and realizes that it will most likely lead to his downfall but he still follows through betraying King Duncan who had just promoted and admired him for his loyalty and honor. The consequences of fulfilling your selfish ambitions are devastating to your psyche. By committing the murder Macbeth rapidly degenerates from the honorable solider he was, to a deceiving King who is void of any magnanimous qualities. From this instant, Theres nothing serious in mortality: All is but toys: renown and grace is dead; the wine of life is drawn, and the mere lees is left this vault to brag of (2.3) this is verbal irony because the other characters in the story believe he is being sincere about the murder but at this moment he is relinquishing himself of any personal qualities that may prevent him from being the cold and aggressive man Lady Macbeth wanted him to become. Further irony presents itself when Lady Macbeth exclaims as she sleepwalks Out, damned spot! out, I say! (5, 1) this is an outward manifestation of her inward guilt. After the murder of King Duncan both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth beginning to degenerate, Macbeth becomes a calculating tyrant while Lady Macbe th begins to feel guilt for her role in the deaths of Banquo and Macduffs family. The degeneration of the human mind is complete when Lady Macbeth commits suicide and Macbeth refuses to retreat despite knowing he is going to die. The downfall of Macbeth was that he allowed his ambition to take control of his life. Macbeth allowed other to influence his desires, like, Lady Macbeth and the witches. His mindset was morphed and because of this he gave into the wants and perceptions of other instead of being true to himself.

Comparing Beloved and Night Essay -- comparison compare contrast essay

Comparing Beloved and Night  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The two novels I am writing about are "Night" by Elie Wiesel and "Beloved," by Toni Morrison.   Beloved tells about slavery and an ex-slave mother's struggle with a past which is projected as the haunting of her people.   It tells the story of Sethe, a mother compelled to kill her child, rather than let the child live a life of slavery.   Toni Morrison uses ghosts and the supernatural to create an enhanced acceptance of the human condition and the struggled survival of the Black American.  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The novel is set in Ohio in the 1880's.   The Civil War had been won, slavery had been abolished, however, the memories of slavery still remain.   Although the story itself is fictional, the novel is based on   real events.  Ã‚   The events are based on the trial in Cincinnati of Margaret Garner, who with her husband, and seventeen other slaves (Kentuckian) crossed the Ohio where they supposedly found safe shelter.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When it was discovered that they had been pursued and surrounded, and her husband overpowered, Margaret knew that any hope of freedom was   in vain.   She refused to see her children taken back into slavery.   Without delay, Margaret quickly took hold of a butcher's knife which was laid on a table and cut the throat of her young daughter.   She then attempted to kill her other children as well, then herself, but she was overpowered and held back before she could follow through.   She was arrested and put on trial on the grounds that the child she killed was the legal property of the owner.  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Beloved, when a new proprietor takes over Sweet Home (the slave farm), Sethe, escapes the brutal beatings she now endures in an attempt to go from Kentucky to Ohio.   When the pr... ...took   part in the holocaust had no other choice.   They had families to take care of and home lives just like the rest of   us.   For example, I believe that many of the soldiers who took part in the Holocaust were forced through military responsibility or face   treason or death.   These soldiers have   to live with themselves knowing they killed millions of innocent people.   When an order is given, an order must be carried out.   Many soldiers had no choice, but to kill, or be killed.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   We are all human beings.   We all have feelings, and families whom we love.   Sometimes the force behind the brutality is too powerful to disobey, and people (soldiers, the white man, the Americans and Hiroshima, etc., etc.) have no choice but to obey,   or face the consequences.   In the military you don't question an order; you just do it (as in Othello and Billy Budd).        

Little Women - Movie vs. Book :: Movie Film comparison compare contrast

Little Women - Movie vs. Book According to the Internet Movie Database's exhaustive records, Louisa May Alcott's novel "Little Women" has seen itself recreated in four TV series, four made for TV movies and five feature length movies since 1918. The most recent version appeared in 1994 and features Winona Ryder, Claire Danes, Kirsten Dunst, Samantha Mathis, Eric Stoltz, Susan Sarandon, and Gabriel Byrne. As a long time fan of the novel, who has happily carted her large leather bound gold-gilded unabridged edition whenever she has moved, I find that I was disappointed in this newest movie version. As a movie lover, however, I found the movie to be an enjoyable experience. The decision of the screenwriter and director to cut out what I felt were several story arcs and scenes from the novel was very disappointing. For example, in the movie there is no mention of Beth's shyness, or of her overcoming that shyness to become friends with Mr. Lawrence. The scene in the novel where she gathers her courage to walk over to his house and thank him for giving her his piano is one of the most defining moments for Beth. Overall I found Beth and Mr. Lawrence to both be sadly underdeveloped in the movie. Mr. Lawrence appears in only three scenes, while many of Beth's key moments also vanished. Jo's wonderful tomboyish nature is also severely tone-down for this version. She does not say "Christopher Columbus"; nor any of her other slang words. We never see the scene where she longs to go be a soldier fighting in the war and wishes she were a man. They transformed the character of Meg from someone who longs for finer things and tends to be snobbish into the wise older sister who does not care about such things. Lacking is the wonderful moment when she realizes that she does not care about Mr. Brook's poverty as she staunchly defends her love of him against Aunt March. While Amy's quest for a perfect nose is mentioned twice, there is never a scene showing some of her efforts such as her wearing the clothespin on it at night to make is straight, nor do we get enjoy watching her artistic endeavors such as her attempts to make a plaster cast of her foot.

Bram Stoker`s Dracula

Bram Stoker’s celebrated novel Dracula (1897) advocates love and faith as the greatest of life’s virtues; however, the quest for these values and virtues is made through a labyrinth of sexual and misogynistic experiences and events which serve to enhance the moral ambiguities of Stoker’s Gothic masterpiece. In the book, when values of faith and chastity are abandoned, the searing social critique of the relaxation of sexual mores shows us a clear picture of punishment.Stoker portrayed sexual wantonness as a form of self-destruction: the catalyst of this moral underpinning is when Lucy remarks, â€Å"Why can’t they let a girl marry three men, or as many as want her, and save all this trouble? But this is heresy, and I must not say it† (57). A desire to see the destruction of Lucy is obviously seen as Dracula in a beastly form attacks the â€Å"mother form† of Lucy. This clearly reflects Stoker’s anti-maternal attitude when early in the n ovel, Dracula feeds a baby to his three brides at the castle (43).In the novel, the mother was torn apart by a pack of wolves under Dracula’s command (48) as a callous woman portrayed by Lucy is read as â€Å"she had clutched strenuously to her breast, growling over it as a dog growls over a bone† (Stoker 157-158). Plainly he intends to see Lucy in an animalistic level as an â€Å"old-blooded† and â€Å"callous† and she, like the other vampires, has virtually no love in her. The women in the novel actually served like whores starving for true affection (Stoker, 43).In this way, Stoker extols essentially masculine and Patriarchal biases. John Allen Stevenson’s assertion that â€Å"interracial sexual competition,† comprises a central theme in the novel’s sexual expressions, suggests that Dracula's predatory instincts are Bram Stoker`s Dracula Page -2- motivated by â€Å"an omnivorous appetite for difference, for novelty† (Stevens on, 139).Dracula himself represents a monstrosity, an â€Å"other† who threatens the normalcy of established, socially acceptable sexuality: this extension of chauvinism is deeply intensified by the sexual connotations: Lucy and Mina experience sexuality that is â€Å"released in the wrong way, by a foreigner . . . who has achieved what the men fear they may be unable to accomplish† (Stevenson, 146). The threatening aspects of Dracula’s sexuality are myriad.In the â€Å"baptism of blood† scene, where Dracula forces Mina to drink from him, â€Å"What is going on? Fellatio? Lactation? It seems the vampire is sexually capable of everything† (Stevenson, 146). The â€Å"other† distorts common perceptions of the nature of sexuality, foremost among these perceptions is the assignation of gender roles; Dracula, however, frustrates established concepts of gender, stimulating fear— fear of â€Å"vampire sexuality, a phenomenon in which ‘ our' gender roles interpenetrate in a complicated way† (Stevenson, 146).Men are subjected to â€Å"feminization† when they are pierced by the vampire’s fangs, wanton women devour babies rather than nurturing them substituting a masculine aggression for feminine tenderness. Thus liberated, women become too sexual aggressors, taking on traditionally masculine roles. â€Å"The famous scene in which the book's hero, Jonathan Harker, is seduced by three vampirettes – only to have the count interrupt the ersatz orgy with the cry, â€Å"This man belongs to me! † – dramatizes Victorian men's fear of sexually aggressive women as well as their abysmal urge for manly love.† (Roberts) Thus, Dracula’s sexual crime are not specific to a single act of depravity, but a range of depravities wherein wanton female sexuality is viewed as both the instigating principle and the Bram Stoker`s Dracula Page -3- end-result of the ensuing predation. †Å"His crime is not the hoarding of incest but a sexual threat, a sin we can term excessive exogamy† (Stevenson, 139).Contemporary interpretations of Stoker’s sexual themes as represented in Dracula have ranged from strictly Freudian views to complex explications involving symbolism, myth and even politics and economics. One homogenizing factor for most of these interpretations is an acceptance that the novels deals with repressed aspects of sexuality and sexual desire and that these repressions emerge primarily from patriarchal and masculine forms of oppression. The association of the products of imagination a sense of the rational hero that is often romanticized in literary piece however portrayed in horror as the sublime good.The element of suspense being a temptation for all viewers gives out the tendency to fascinate the development of the plot that affirms the patriarchal social order. Clover has also associated horror as a struggle for recognition of all that soci ety represses. Further she has equated that repression of female sexuality and other forms of bisexuality and homosexuality has ceased to continue in the tradition of new films that altered the role and characterized the feminine heroine and authority that contemporary horror upholds as a an acceptable critique of male authority.Neale (1980) and Creed (1990) on the basis of their own contradictory evidenced has arrived at a conclusion that the horror film genre depicts a certain patriarchal fear of the female sexuality where men are often the villainous monsters and women are the primary object of its actions. Neale maintained that women’s sexuality renders them desirable—but also threatening—to men, which constitutes the real problem that the horror film exists to explore.â€Å"Stoker's realization that his mother was indeed a sexual being who belonged to his father finds an outlet in his fiction when he intermingles Oedipal conflicts with sibling rivalry, pat ricide and Bram Stoker`s Dracula Page -4 infanticide,† she writes. She also suggests that Stoker's fascination with blood may flow from his mother's tales of a cholera epidemic (survivors fended off starvation by drinking blood from the family cow) or even a traumatic glimpse of afterbirth (he was one of seven children).† (Roberts) Thus, the most terrifying aspect of the novel is not the vampire’s lust for blood— but lust itself— as unleashed in wild-women who no longer adhere to the chauvinistic restraints placed on their sexuality: â€Å"While Stoker's novel, Dracula, (2) portrays Mina Harker as a strong-minded but conventional Victorian woman, and as Dracula's victim, Francis Ford Coppola's film, Brain Stoker's Dracula, (3) reads between the lines of the novel and creates a Mina Harker who escapes the restraints of Victorian society through her relationship with the vampire.† (Harbin)- Furthering the threat to conventional mores is the fact that Dracula’s victims are willing participants in their own deviant behaviour. â€Å"Dracula tells Jonathan Harker to â€Å"enter freely and of your own will† (Stoker 22) and â€Å"In folklore, vampires often require complicity from their prey.Just as Jonathan cannot be coerced, but must ‘enter freely,' no vampire can come into a home uninvited† (Harbin) Thus, Stoker leaves no doubt that the will to challenge the conventional mores of society is not impressed wholly from the â€Å"outsider† but is inherent in the hearts of many – who are given provocation and opportunity by the vampire — but the initial will toward deviance remains their own. Creed in her study postulates that where the monster is a maternal figure who threatens to devour males, this horror narrates the patriarchal fear of the mother.Jancovich (1994) explains that the monster serves to punish the erring females where the women who agree with the male superiority sur vive. Further as a psychological lambaste against the Oedipus complex in the male child, the female monster is depicted to separate and repress the desires of the male child from Bram Stoker`s Dracula Page -5- his mother and thereby associate the positions of mastery and dominance associated with masculinity.Despite Neale’s and Creed’s differences, Jancovich and other critics supported claims that neither is an expression of dominant or subordinate groups but rather a site of struggle between the two genders. Thus, in the interest of culture, groups challenge other groups and attempts to incorporate them to answer certain interests and aspirations within terms that do not challenge their own.Where there is existing contradiction between one another in an unfixed structure, these concerns are forever addressed and develops within a certain period often presented in the dialogues and struggle contained in films to give out signs of their dynamism that is often addressed to a specific vulnerable audience. Horror novels (and films) are often used to suggest the different positions of the differing sentiments of these groups to generate responses from its audience based on the assumption that certain representations have certain effects.Horror novels like Dracula which have evolved through certain periods will concentrate as the basis of this analysis that discusses the certain views of certain gender groups in particular. Individualism and specifically individualism which threatens conventional perspectives about sexuality and gender roles and the distribution of power between the genders is portrayed in Dracula as the most ominous threat to established order; to depart from the accepted ways may bring the (momentary) illusion of freedom and strength; however, in the long run, deviation from the prescribed order leads to chaos and ruin.Because Dracula seeks to transform rather than merely influence others, his will toward â€Å"homogenous† ind ividualism results in an eerie â€Å"neither-or† result for his victims who, once bitten (initiated), become ostracised from society only to occupy another hierarchical and Bram Stoker`s Dracula Page -6-limiting society, one where the cohesive and nurturing aspects of traditional conformity are replaced by insatiable desires for blood and power, where one’s instincts are turned away from liberation toward the initiation of others into the restrictive world of the undead. The punishment for turning away from the established order of society is to see one’s very soul taken, one’s autonomy subverted, and one’s sexuality perverted beyond measure.Stoker’s conventional interpretation of morality reaches for a panacea to Dracula’s malefic influences which is as as socially conventional as his descriptions of degeneracy and depravity, for it is the social collective which is capable of defying and ultimately defeating Dracula, not an individu al, but a group of individuals working together: Against Dracula's individualism, Van Helsing is able to muster enough information and people to destroy the count.Van Helsing points to the greatest weapon that they have in their fight against Dracula when he states, â€Å"We have on our side power of combination–a power denied to the vampire kind . . . † (244). Every weapon that Van Helsing and his group use against Dracula is tied to the idea and power of combination. Shared information, knowledge, strength, and financial resources enable them to overcome Dracula. (Gutjahr 38)Following through on the integrated themes of patriarchal power and order, Stoker concludes his novel by returning to the conventional disposition of society: when sexuality (and particularly feminine sexuality) is allowed to manifest without restraint, the result is a breakdown in the social order which results in a breakdown of the individual who depends on the ordered structures of society to defend them against the ever-present malefic influence of deviation or surrender to one’s animalistic nature.The misogynystic thrust of Stoker’s theme is clear: that women comprise not only the greatest threat to the sanctity of established social mores, but that they are also the reason such social mores have been concocted. They are also the most easily led astray from these mores and Bram Stoker`s Dracula Page -7- the result of their deviation is the most profound.Stoker, preoccupied with establishing a credible villainy for his antagonist relied upon the most plebien and well-established social stereotypes of his time regarding women and women’s sexuality. Conclusion In analysis, the female characters in Stoker’s Dracula reflect a role of minor non-importance and dependence to the male gender that later on evolves into an apparent attempt to endorse the evil results of female power. Tohill and Thomas (1994) adds that the literary background of the hor ror film genre originated with an attempt to deal with the dark subconscious confronting fiend, aware of the dangers that implicates the society.Yet, the development of horror films contributes to the exploration of victimization and in particular men’s perception of the woman in the society. In the70’s and 80’s, Jancovich has stated that women were punished for being liberated or sexual because the era of free love and the feminist movement were so fresh in the minds of the people. It was now far enough away from these times that society could all accept and move on rather than judge women. The period was fraught more women being admitted into all male colleges for the first time and in many colleges, females made up the majority of the stud culture.Significantly, the history of feminism has sought to study a new understanding and the relations of sexes. Contemporary novels and films have started portraying the acceptability of feminine power and acceptability that horror films likely aims to disintegrate. As Wood and Lippe would have it, there is no attempt to foil masculinity at all and that some films are used in an effort to masquerade pornography in horrific acts of rape that prevail the ideology of misogyny or theBram Stoker`s Dracula Page -8- hatred of the female specie. In older horror films, the feminine depiction is that of incompetent however contemporary films have discussed a more emotional motivation grounded on power relations between masculine and feminine. A character role that changes over time has repressed sexual energies and is apparently linked to the sexual revolution period where the horrific representations of society’s fears have been confirmed.Seemingly it is safe to conclude that the critic’s summations of the period is often characterized by the character roles portrayed in horror novels and films and the director’s own perceptions of roles in the interest of its viewers. Stoker’s D racula preserves none of the modern conceptions of individuality within gender groups but regards them as depravities from which each member of society seeks protection within societies laws, customs, and power-structures.Though Stoker’s blatant prejudices against women, against free-sexual expression, and against individualism are powerful thematic aspects of Dracula, the novel as a whole exceeds these limiting factors by reliance on perennially powerful archetypes, as well as being left wide-open for manifold interpretations, including such interpretations which would attempt to refute the aforementioned issues of chauvinism and misogyny.Because of the novels’ inherent brilliance and innovation, it is likely that â€Å"Stoker always will be of interest to the world. Unless, alas, we psychoanalyze the poor devil to death. Free to be titillated by the eroticism of Dracula we moderns have turned the vampire into the vamp. Exposing illicit pleasures to the light of day drives a stake through the heart of desire. † (Roberts) That acknowledged, it is also likely that Stoker;’s Dracula will continue to be critically evaluated in light of its dominant themes of chauvinism and misogygny.Works Cited Stevenson John Allen. A Vampire in the Mirror: The Sexuality of Dracula, Vol. 103, No. 2 (Mar. , 1988), pp. 139-149 Gutjahr, Paul. â€Å"Stoker's Dracula. † Explicator 52. 1 (1993): 36-38. Harbin, Leigh Joyce. â€Å"A Dangerous Woman and a Man's Brain: Mina Harker, Clarice Starling and the Empowerment of the Gothic Heroine in Novel and Film. † West Virginia University Philological Papers (2002): 30+. Roberts, Rex.â€Å"Sex and Death in Transylvania. † Insight on the News 3 June 1996: 32+. Jancovich, Mark . American Horror from 1951 to the Present. United Kingdom :Keele University,1994. Clover, Carol J. Men, Women, and Chain Saws: Gender in the Modern Horror Film . NJ: Princeton University, 1992. Stephen Neale. Genre. British Film Institute, 1980. 7-17. Creed, Barbara. The Monstrous Feminine: Film, Feminism, Psychoanalysis. New York and London: Routledge, 1990.

The Benefits of Study Abroad

relegate 1 Grammar 1 a 2 b 3 b 4 c 5 b 6 a 7 b 8 a 9 b 10 b 11 c 12 c 13 b 14 b 15 c 16 a 17 b 18 a 19 b 20 a 21 c 22 a 23 b 24 a 25 b 26 b 27 a 28 a 29 b 30 c Part 2 Writing As I accept been study in mainland China for some 4 years, and my professors always recommend me to build a further study abroad, I fin anyy become made up my mind to get a original degree in Australia. It is not merely be agent I seduce been told that the education form in Australia is quite different from the matchlessness in China, but also on that point has a strong academic report in the field of Business.Speaking of Melbourne Institute of Technology(MIT) and University of Ballarat(UB), I have heard that the campuses locate at the downtown of the two biggest cities in Australia which be Melbourne and Sydney. Besides, some courses atomic number 18 accredited by professional bodies such as the certified public accountant Australia, which will give me professional phylogeny opportunities. Fur thermore, as I know, the class sizes atomic number 18 smaller than traditional universities that will bring forward me to participate and develop confidence. I am definite that I will prove my best in that location and achieve my maximum potential.When I come back to China after studying, I will be more competitive and definitely form a major contribution to my next career. In a word, the two-year cover study in Australia will not only offer me an opportunity to ameliorate myself in every aspect with professors and partner students from many separate countries but also obtain social skills and international acuteness in my major as well. Part 3 Reading 1. There are a parcel of common craps of focal point. matchless of the most common causes is work on. Another one is school for those who have not entered the operative human race yet.Also simple family life sight be one common cause of stress. 2. The combined stress of both work itself and the possibility of losi ng it creates a sort of double-stress, which inwardness that not only do commonwealth worry about their daily tasks and casual pressures of work, but also they feel they have to work even harder in hostelry to keep their jobs. 3. School merchantman be a great source of stress for those who have not entered the working world yet. Because of the constant pressure of schoolwork, friends, teachers, tests, quizzes, papers and everything else, anyone arouse feel like they are confine in a vice.Furthermore, the deadlines are all immoveable, so the students are constantly below sentence pressure. And the deadlines overlapping reserves matters worse. 4. The deadlines are immoveable, so students are constantly under time pressure. To make matters worse, there are ofttimes several deadlines overlapping each other, step up the demands on time. 5. Once final exams arrive, there is a lot to re- moderate and students need to deteriorate so much time studying that they sack barely sle ep. 6. For parents, stress privy often come from simply sorry about their churlren.After all, seeing a child grow up, make mistakes, go by school, go to college, play sports and often learn things the hard way is enough to make a parent go bald. 7. really parents can often be the cause of stress as much as sources of comfort from it. Though they often have their childrens best interests in mind, they can also coiffure a lot of pressure on their children. 8. Spouses often slide by a lot of time fend offing certain arguments simply because they are trying to avoid stress. However, leaving tension in the radiate while not resolving it can be a cause of stress.So it should be good to resolve conflicts immediately. 9. Although coin keeps difference out, not enough of it seems to come in and stress just keeps mounting. There never seems to be enough for the mortgage or rent, car payments, credit cards and other bills. Furthermore, it is rather difficult to be philosophic about money stress since attempting to put things into perspective only recalls thoughts about the money that always seems to be missing. 10. The best keister to start is by managing the stress, then working to solve the problems with a clear and unlittered mind.

Are the Concerns over Globalization Justified?

globalisation is adept of the most vibrant, contested, and debated issues in modern international relations. Some argue that globalisation brings great get aheads, go others argue that globalization is basic solelyy flawed. Countries in the world today argon generally Interconnected, whether through trade relations, ethnic re-sentencings, multinational cooperation on world issues like the environment and natural resources.The condition globalization is a process of worldwide execution towards economic, financial, trade and communications Integration, where the world finds ore Inter conjugated and connected. Whether the meets e precisewhere globalization Is Justified or non, questions if the worries of globalization is supported by logical and substantial reasons. As much as globalization has its pros sand cons, I feel that the bring ups over globalization argon valid.The reason being that globalization results in market-gardening leveling, ethnocentrism, economic distinction, proficient diversity, environmental degradation and lastly, unemployment and labor drain One reside of globalization Is culture leveling, where cultures become homogeneous and local anaesthetic culture Is lost. This Is process by which different cultures become c atomic number 18n magnitudely homogeneous to one other, most a great deal as a result of travel and communication. The jeopardy of cultural leveling is that it can erode the impostalistic cultural practices, beliefs and interests of one group, in favor of another, wherefore creating one culture that dominates all others.Due to globalization, countries apply been opening move up to trade and welcoming international investments to their country. local anesthetic cultures feel threatened and overwhelmed by foreign products and their associated value Like In the phase of Sin happy chanceore, on that point argon many foreign investments, such as the all-famous McDonalds. Those foreign eateries ar gon slowly replacing the hawker snapper and food courts here, as to a greater extent people preferred eating at such places comp atomic number 18d oat hawker mettle and food courts. As a result, there is homogeneities of culture, firing of cultural diversity and the erosion of culture.For example, cultural products presently light up up the second volumedst United States exportation behind aircraft. In 1992, the united States purchased save $288 meg in cultural products from the nations of the European Community (SEC) combines, while the SEC nations bought $3. 7 billion in US cultural products. Culture leveling is a monstrous and semipermanent worry cause once the cultural sites are gone, It Is difficult or almost out of the question to revive them again. Even If It Is possible to construct similar bulldogs, It may not choose the nostalgia feel. therefore the disturb of culture leveling over globalization is Justified. Another tinct of globalization Is ethnocentrism whereby we make false assumptions about another culture, can often lead to misinterpretation, prejudice and veto relations mingled with social groups, due to the exchange of cultures encouraged by globalization. Globalization resigns people from all over the world to exchange cultures with one another. The hassle with this is that there go away be increased proximity arising from increased trade, which could lead to conflict because different groups have divergent values, beliefs and norms.As a result, there will be increasing outbursts of violence that run along ethnic and cultural lines. An example is the Samuel Huntington Clash of Civilizations, a system that peoples cultural and religious identities will be the primary(a) source of conflict in the post-Cold War world. There are basically six main explanations to his theory. First, differences among civilizations are not only real they are basic. Civilizations are differentiated from each other by history, language, cult ure, tradition and, most important, religion.Second, the world is becoming a smaller place. The interactions betwixt peoples of different civilizations are increasing these increasing interactions intensify civilization consciousness and awareness of differences between civilizations and commonalities within civilizations. Third, the processes of economic modernization and social change throughout the world are separating people from long local identities. They also weaken the nation read as a source of identity. Fourth, the growth of civilization-consciousness is intensify by the dual usance of the West.Fifth, cultural characteristics and differences are little mutable and hence slight slowly compromised and resolved than political and economic ones. Finally, economic regionalism is increasing. This problem of ethnocentrism might be serious if people retain to differentiate others with their values, beliefs and norms. Tension might build up among the people with different values, beliefs and norms, as they will construe one another thus causing long-term problems because it is unlikely o resolve the conflict nightlong and their way of thinking may be negatively influenced by their peers.Therefore, the concern of ethnocentrism over globalization is Justified. The tierce concern of globalization is economic disparity. Globalization may result in greater economic disparity between the rich and myopic, basically the rich acquiring richer and the wretched getting poorer. This is because the rich seek to benefit themselves the rich countries are also better equipped (in terms of al-Qaeda, educational level of their people and measuring rod of capital etcetera) to reap the benefits. One example is the exploitation concentration and monopolizing of economic resources and power by multinational Corporations (Macs) and global financial firms.Only 20% of the world nation in the developed countries receives 82. 7% of the world income. In 1989, the av erage income of 20% of the people living in the richest country was 60 times higher than 20% of the people living in the poorest countries. Shockingly, this ration had forked 30 times from 1950. However, this cannot be blamed on globalization solely because the higher income of the rich in less developed or developing countries has not been translated into investment, exulting in unemployment and the growing income disparity. Even if they had through with(p) so, this does not narrow the income gap between the both groups significantly. thence, this problem of income disparity is serious and long-term because countries would only want to speed up the rate of the onward motion of their economy so that the split of the country will be more productive than to improve the less developed parts of the country. Thus, government tends to ignore the poorer parts of the country or improve it at very slow rate, causing the widening of income gap. It also takes a lot of mime and money to na rrow the income gap of the rich and poor which would be detrimental to the countrys economy. Therefore, the concern of economic disparity over globalization is Justified.Another concern of globalization that should be addressed is the increasing technological disparity between the rich and the poor countries. Globalization may result in greater technological disparity between the rich (e. G. United States of America) and the poor countries (e. G. Africa). The emerging world economy is electronic. Countries will be integrated through info systems and technology. The ore developed countries are better equipped in terms of base and the educational level to harness the mature technology. The less developed countries will thus remain on the periphery.For example, Nikkei industry in Vietnam and Thailand tends to be labor intense and therefore rely on low-tech or less skilled labor Just because they have a lot of labor. But this is not incisively caused by globalization. Different cou ntries have different capacities to read technology. Thus, Olds must find their own balance between globalization and use of IT and the pace of trade liberalizing. umpteen countries suffer from absence of science and technology infrastructure and technology policies. Also, they have poor utilization of ready(prenominal) technical manpower.Governments and non-governmental organizations should also step back and allow markets and private sector to play greater role in transfer of technology. The problem of technological disparity is rather serious. Technological disparity is also linked to income disparity, if a country does not have plentiful incentives and funds, the country is unable to purchase new or more forward motiond technology, thus the productivity of that event cannot may not be as streamlined as entries who are able to purchase advanced and latest technology to help in their production.Countries that do not have the purchasing ability are most likely the less deve loped countries or poorer parts of a country while countries that are able to enjoy such blessings of advanced technologies are the more developed countries and the richer parts of a country. and so the poorer regions will remain poor as their productivity remain low while richer regions continue to prosper. Thus technological disparity between the rich and poor countries is a long-term problem of liberation, which is Justified.However some may argue that the concerns over globalization are not Justified because the problems can be minimized. Globalization has caused the betterment of technology and transport making transport more convenient and efficient to carry goods and people from one place to another. One example that globalization has meliorate transportation is the creation of cars. There is an increasing manner in the number of people who owns a car. Cars evanesce greenhouse gases such as carbon run down and leading to the increase rate of global warming.Thus with adva nce genealogy, the catalytic convertor was invented to convert those pollutant gases to less deadly gases. But not all countries actually make it compulsory for all cars to instill the catalytic converter in their vehicles unlike Singapore. Hence even if there is this converter to convert libellous gases to less harmful gas, it will not have a large impact on the environment if very a couple of(prenominal) people use that. Greenhouse gas emissions are also caused by rapid industrialization in the developing world and the heavy dependence on fossil fuels. Environmental depletion is also caused by the overutilization of sources.This is because there has been a rise in have and ecosystem removal as a result of commonwealth growth. The need for disposable products has caused logging to be on the increase, which result in the excessive deforestation. Once the ozone form is depleted, it is non-reversible, neither can it be cured. Thus this is a very serious problem and it is long- termed because there is nought that can be done to reverse the make of ozone depletion except to slow down the rate of global warming. Therefore environmental degradation is a concern of globalization that can be Justified.